Showing posts with label conflict. Show all posts
Showing posts with label conflict. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 18, 2023

Ten Reasons Why the Biden Administration Should Call for a Cease-Fire in the Holy Land

     The list below shows the top ten reasons why, I believe, that the United States – under the Joe Biden Administration – should call for a cease-fire in regard to the Israel-Hamas conflict, and keep calling for a cease-fire until it gets one.

     This list should also suffice as a reason for President Biden to instruct the Navy ship, which is currently carrying two thousand U.S. Marines and soldiers to the Israeli battle front, to turn around, before something goes wrong, and before it is too late to avoid a wider catastrophe.

 

     1. A cease-fire could achieve bipartisan support. First, by achieving peace, and avoiding the flattening and destruction of the Gaza Strip, which Democrats would appreciate. Second, it could serve as a chance for Republicans to embarrass President Biden for approving the deletion of the tweet, by Secretary of State Antony Blinken, which praised the nation of Turkey for its own call for a cease-fire in the Israeli-Hamas conflict.

     2. Both sides – the State of Israel, and the armed resistance fighters attempting to protect the Palestinians, as well as civilians protected by both groups – are guilty of many of the same atrocities and war crimes, of which they are accusing each other. Examples of such atrocities include targeting civilians, killing each other’s babies, and calling for a genocide of their enemies. We are being baited into taking sides, and it has to stop, before we say something we regret and cannot take back.

      3. The State of Israel can defend itself. The United States has been sending more than $3 billion to that country every year for at least the past ten years. America helped Israel build the Iron Dome missile defense system. We have done enough already. Israel can defend itself, it has other allies besides the United States, and further aid to Israel will only increase Israeli dependence upon the U.S.. This is not our fight.

     4. Nobody knows, yet, whether the Israeli military, or a misfire by Hamas, was the cause of the recent destruction of the Baptist Hospital in Gaza. There is so much confusion and misinformation surrounding this incident, that the only way to be sure that no more attacks take place, is to call for both sides to stop launching attacks.

     5. If you live by the sword, then you will die by the sword. Everybody is putting themselves in harm’s way, and blaming the other side for doing the same thing. Hamas is humiliating its own people by accidentally firing bombs at its own people in approximately 30 to 40 percent of the missile attacks it commits. The Israeli Army has something called the Hannibal Directive, which excuses Israel allowing its own people to get killed, as long as the fact that Israelis are dead can be used to justify subsequent attacks that will achieve other more important military objectives. And the United States is putting its own Marines and soldiers in harm’s way, by sending two thousand troops to the battle front. U.S. involvement only increases the chances that New York City or Washington, D.C. could get targeted with a nuclear weapon or dirty bomb. Additionally, a million Jews are gathered in each Haifa and Jerusalem, which could easily become the target of large-scale weapons strikes; while some Jews believe that the Jews were dispersed among the peoples of the Earth, by G-d, on purpose, in order to spread Judaism to all the nations of the world, but also to keep the Jewish people safe by avoiding concentrating them all in one location. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.

     6. We don’t know which side was the first to take a human life. Prior to last month, there was no fighting in Israel since May 2023. As I stated in my previous article on this topic, on September 22nd, or earlier, a Hamas militant launched an incendiary device towards an I.D.F. soldier. That incendiary device killed zero people. That casualty-free attack was an opportunity for the Israelis to forgive. The Israelis passed on that opportunity, and instead launched an attack which bore no reported casualties. However, it’s extremely unlikely – with Israel’s advanced military technology – that this attack killed nobody; and more likely that it did kill people, but that the deaths were not reported, due to low sympathy for Palestinians in the Western media. The Jewish people have every right to defend themselves – and even the right to kill, if necessary, in order to do so, which doesn’t even violate the commandment against murder – but it is possible that it was the State of Israel which committed the first murder in this round of fighting; which, I repeat, began in late September, not early October.

     7. The U.S. should not risk escalating this conflict. If the U.S. sends Marines to the Holy Land, then eventually those troops will be fired-upon by Hamas. That will likely lead to a wider conflict, in which Hezbollah and Iran, and other Muslim nations, will join-in, followed by the close European allies of the United States and the State of Israel. This will lead to World War III if the leaders of the nations of the world do not call for an immediate cease-fire, and continue calling for it – no matter who tries to break it, or how many times - until it is achieved.

     8. If this conflict escalates, then it will become more likely that our elected representatives will abandon their dedication to maintaining an all-volunteer army, and will turn instead to reinstating registration for the draft, reinstating the military draft (Selective Service) instead, and perhaps even include women in that draft to fill gaps. The U.S. should not risk committing young people to a war that they barely understand; young people whom were born decades after the wider Israeli-Arab Conflict began. This would be extremely unfair to them, and many of them would get killed, tearing families apart.

     9. I don’t want to spend my holiday season reading about people getting bombed, watching Gaza getting flattened, watching Palestinians get exterminated, watching the Jews of Israel get wiped off the map, watching a genocide of either side happen, or watching World War III break out. There have been too many holiday seasons, in recent years, that Israel and Palestine have spent bombing each other. Nobody wants to spend their Christmas, Hanukkah, or Ramadan watching people die (except the Military-Industrial Complex). We have already seen that happen, multiple times, and it isn't pretty.

     10. America winning this war, or losing it, are not the only two options here. The fact that Americans have already died in Hamas attacks in Israel, shouldn't have to mean that more Americans die as well. We must learn the lesson of the Cold War and the film War Games: The only way to win is to not play the game. We must call for forgiveness, peace, and a cease-fire. Nobody wins in a nuclear war, and nobody achieves a total victory in a world war. We must be content with a draw. If we want humanity to survive – this winter, or at all – then peace is the only option.

 

 

     Peace, shalom, salaam.

 

 

 

 

Written and published on October 18th, 2023.

Sunday, October 8, 2023

Israelis' and Palestinians' Unwillingness to Forgive Casualty-Free Attacks Leads to Deaths on Both Sides

       Yesterday (on October 7th, 2023), several periodicals - including The Wall Street Journal - published articles asserting that the State of Israel, and its Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, have "declared war" on the Palestinian militant group Hamas.

     Leaving aside the issue of whether "declaring war" on Hamas serves to legitimize it as if it were a state or political entity, it is necessary to address the mainstream media's narratives regarding the recent violence exchanged between Israelis and Palestinians in the last several weeks.

 

     This "declaration of war" against Hamas follows what ReutersC.N.N., and others described as "surprise attacks", carried out by Hamas against Israeli targets.

     http://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/sirens-warning-incoming-rockets-sound-around-gaza-near-tel-aviv-2023-10-07/

     http://www.cnn.com/2023/10/07/middleeast/sirens-israel-rocket-attack-gaza-intl-hnk/index.html

     However, "surprise attacks" is hardly an honest way to characterize these attacks.

 

     Two weeks ago (on Sunday, September 24th, 2023), N.P.R. published an article titled "Israel strikes Gaza for the third straight day as West Bank violence escalates".

     http://www.npr.org/2023/09/24/1201381201/an-israeli-military-raid-has-killed-two-palestinians-in-the-west-bank?fbclid=IwAR1omulobWR5oOF6Whiku445zRLHBHc9jYhtj63vaI3sxVRd_bMerpgkS50#:~:text=Majdi%20Mohammed%2FAP-,Palestinians%20inspect%20a%20damaged%20building%20following%20an%20Israeli%20army%20raid,24%2C%202023

 

     Right off the bat, it is plain to see, from this article, that the attacks on Israeli targets which were carried out by Hamas over the last several days, were, most assuredly, not "surprise attacks", but were carried out in response to the strikes on Gaza which occurred on September 22nd, 23rd, and 24th, 2023.

     Despite this fact, the Israelis - and Israel-sympathetic media - have been quick to point out that the attacks which occurred in the first week of October, were (apparently) timed to coincide with the fiftieth anniversary of the Yom Kippur War, which began on October 6th, 1973.

     But if these attacks were, in fact, timed to coincide with that anniversary, then that narrative would not make sense, if it could be proven that there had been exchanges of violence in the previous two weeks leading up to that October 6th anniversary.

     In fact, if you read the article that N.P.R. published on September 24th, you will find that – in the very first sentence of the article – it reads: 

     “Israeli airstrikes struck militant sites in Gaza on Sunday for the third straight day, the Israeli military said, after Palestinian militants near the border fence launched incendiary balloons into Israel and threw an explosive at soldiers.” [emphasis mine]


      [Correction, written and posted on October 20th, 2023:

     The aforementioned incendiary balloons might not have taken place before those "three straight days" of Israeli attacks, after all.
     The following article from Al Jazeera clarifies that the recent violence began when "stone-throwing protesters" in Palestine threw stones at Israeli soldiers, prompting the closing of the Beit Hanouna border crossing between Israel and Gaza, which itself prompted Palestinians' launching of incendiary balloons into Israel.
     This article also mentions that Israel killed 12 Palestinians in Jenin in July, which runs contrary to the mainstream media narrative that there was no violence between Israel and Palestine between May 2023 and October 7th, 2023.
     You can read that article by clicking on the following link:
     http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/22/israeli-military-attacks-gaza-strip-amid-protests-at-border]

     

     This suggests that the Israeli airstrikes were carried out in response to the aforementioned border violence (although it’s not clear exactly which day those incendiary balloons were launched).

     This shows why it is important to read articles about the Israeli-Arab conflict very carefully.
     Especially because there’s no indication that those incendiary balloons (which started two fires within the State of Israel’s borders) – nor that explosive which was thrown at I.D.F. soldiers – killed or injured anybody.
     I suspect that, if these bombs had killed anybody, then the articles reporting on it, would have mentioned that fact.

 

     We might feel tempted to conclude - from the information above - that those late-September Israeli airstrikes killed Palestinians in response to Palestinian bomb-throwing that killed nobody.

     But that is not accurate either.

     If N.P.R.’s reporting is correct, then so is the sentence from the fourth paragraph in that article, which reads as follows: 

     “There were no reported casualties from the strikes in Gaza.”

 

     Let us assume - for a moment - that “no reported casualties” means “no casualties occurred”, rather than that casualties on the Gazan side occurred but were simply not reported.

     If that is an accurate assumption, then this would mean that the late-September Palestinian bomb-throwing killed zero people, and then was met with Israeli retaliation that also killed zero people.

 

     On March 11th, 2004, nearly two hundred people were killed, and over two thousand people were injured, in a series of coordinated bombings upon the commuter train system in Madrid, the capital city of Spain.

     Shortly thereafter, my high school Spanish teacher, Ken Finkelstein, told us that the people of Spain responded to these attacks by calling for peace and forgiveness. He contrasted this against America’s response to the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, after which President George W. Bush declared “the world will hear from all of us soon”. This statement foreshadowed America’s invasion of Afghanistan the following month, and its invasion of Iraq eighteen months later.

     My teacher’s statement affected me profoundly, and (obviously) I still remember it to this day. And I agree that there is a time for forgiveness. Although it may be difficult to forgive atrocities which see hundreds of deaths (as in the Madrid train bombings) or even thousands of deaths (as in 9/11), it is much easier to forgive attempted acts of violence which result in zero deaths or injuries.

     And that is what has just happened.

     Both sides – Israeli and Palestinian – have just declined to forgive attacks, by one-another, which (evidently) resulted in zero injuries or deaths.

 

     I would never condemn someone for defending oneself; even if it’s an individual human being, or a political entity which claims to have the right to use violence legitimately. But self-defense is far from what is happening here.

     Yesterday (October 7th, 2023), The Times of Israel reported that 1,600 people are wounded, and that at least 230 people are dead, in Gaza, following Israel’s attacks.
     http://www.timesofisrael.com/gaza-reports-some-200-palestinians-dead-1600-wounded-after-hamas-assault-on-israel/

     An article, published today (October 8th) by A.B.C., stated that 1,790 Gazans are wounded, and over 300 Gazans are dead; while Israeli death tolls number over 100, with some 900 Israelis injured.

     http://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/israel-gaza-hamas/?id=103804516

     This article from N.D.T.V. claims that six hundred Israelis have been killed in the fighting.
     http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/hamas-rocket-attack-on-israel-israel-gaza-conflict-palestine-over-500-dead-in-hamas-surprise-land-air-sea-attack-on-israel-4460666

     If the worst of these reports is accurate, then this means that at least 900 people are now dead because of both the Israelis’ and the Palestinians’ refusal to forgive attacks that killed nobody at all.

 

     Throwing a bomb at someone does not automatically mean that the target was killed or harmed in any way. We have to read these reports more closely, instead of lashing out, and killing by reflex.

     We have no choice, now, but to forgive attacks that harm nobody; or else we should expect the bloodshed to continue into the holiday season.

     Thus, the only alternative to forgiving casualty-free attacks, is to endorse the murder of not only our enemies, but ourselves.

      As musician Kimya Dawson sang – in her song “Hold My Hand” – “the cycle of violence has to end somewhere”.

 

 Update:

     The Biden Administration has deleted Secretary of State Antony Blinken's call for a cease-fire.

     Read more at the following links:
     http:
//nypost.com/2023/10/09/blinken-gets-blowback-for-now-deleted-sunday-post-promoting-cease-fire-in-israel/

     http://newrepublic.com/post/176090/state-department-blinken-delete-tweets-ceasefire-israel-gaza-palestine




 

Written and published on October 8th, 2023.

Update added on October 12th, 2023.

Correction written and added on October 20th, 2023.


Monday, August 2, 2021

Glossary of Twenty Key Terms for a University Course in the History of Western Political Theory

     What follows is a set of twenty key terms in political theory, and their definitions. These definitions were written by the author of this blog, Joe Kopsick, but were based on the contents of a political theory course that was imparted to him at the University of Wisconsin at Madison in the spring of 2009.
     The course was taught by Jimmy Casas Klausen, who assigned students works written by Western political theorists throughout history until the present day. These works included Plato's Republic, Sir Thomas More's Utopia, Niccolo Machiavelli's The Prince, Hannah Arendt's The Human Condition, and famous works by Aristotle, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.



Action

     Hannah Arendt says that action is an end in itself and it is the highest mode of 
activity and creation. She says that freedom comes through action, that the freedom of action cannot be eliminated, and that we define and create ourselves through action.


Alexander [the Great]

     Alexander was a Macedonian ruler and a student of Aristotle. Aristotle says that the Athenian polis was brought to an end through self-corruption, and its goal changed from common interest to profit. Aristotle believes that Alexander's goodness saved Greece.


Amour Proprie

     Rousseau says that amour proprie, vain self-love, is unnatural, and that vanity arises only in civil society. In vanity, we empty ourselves of meaning, as meaning and love can only be given to us by other people. He says that vanity is the cause of dependence, domination, and inequality, and that man is naturally independent and unselfish.


Chrematistics


     Aristotle believes that chrematistics, the art of acquisition, trade, and exchange, is 
an unnatural form of acquisition for the household. He argues that chrematistics makes gains on the exploitation of others. He says that living well is self-limitation and self-sufficiency without conspicuous consumption.


Collective Deliberation

     Aristotle believes that reason that is agreed on by everyone is more valuable than orthodoxy. He believes that a group of citizens gathering to combine their competencies and positive qualities will make policies better than any one person could. Hannah Arendt believes in active citizenship, civic republicanism, and the value of political association to develop the power of action, deliberation, and efficacy.


Corpus Mysticum

     The corpus mysticum describes the body politic of the church. The church is the corpus mysticum of Christ, and the people are part of the mystical body. The church's spiritual head is Christ represented, and its second spiritual head is the spiritually-ordained king. This puts the state in a lower position of authority than the church. Hobbes says that the corpus mysticum is an artificial body, and this is why we are able to take it apart and study it.


Cynics


     The Cynics was a school of philosophy that questioned and rejected every social 
convention and claim to authority. Cicero believes they questioned shamelessly and called Cynicism an "anti-tradition." Cicero believes that indecency and shame can be justified.


Despotism


     Rousseau says that despotism is the unjust rule of one man. He, Aristotle, and 
Plato agree that despotism is the worst type of governance. Rousseau says that the farther away we move from the state of nature and from despotism, the closer we get to perfectibility. He says that between the state of nature and despotism, there is happiness in "a middle position between... our primitive state and... egocentrism...”.


Fortuna


     Machiavelli says that fortuna (fate, fortune, luck, or favor), has direct bearing on a 
ruler's success or failure to maintain power. He believes that with virtú, one may triumph over fortuna.


Liberality

     Liberality is generosity. Machiavelli warns that excessive generosity may turn 
government into a slave. Machiavelli says that generosity should be practiced virtuously, and not known about. Cicero believes that generosity helps to build a network of friends, and that a man should measure his actions by honorableness rather than by his own advantages.


Maieutics


     Maieutics is the belief that the truth is latent in the human mind. Plato says that 
Socratic maieutics resembles obstetrics. Thus, Socrates is the "midwife of reason," and his dialectical method is the obstetrics that gives birth to logos.



Matter in Motion

     "Matter in Motion" is an individual driven by a passion. For Hobbes, the individual is the principal unit of analysis, and thus the matter of political science. He says that the decay of sense is an obscuring of motion made in sense.



Nonsenso, Raphael

     Raphael Nonsenso is a character in Thomas More's Utopia. He is a philosopher whom has seen the world as a sailor. He describes Utopia as the happiest society. He is a representation of Thomas More and his opinions.


Oikos


     The oikos is the private realm of the household, and the polis is the public realm 
of the political community. Aristotle believes that wealth and trade are associated with the household economy, and that it is wise to make a distinction between expertise in household management and expertise in business management. Hannah Arendt agrees that matters of labor and economy belong to the oikos. She believes that the rise of the social has destroyed the political by subordinating the public realm of human freedom to the concerns of mere animal necessity.
     [Note: oikos is the root of the word "economy".]

 

Perfectibility

     Rousseau says that perfectibility is the characteristic of man that desires self 
improvement. Perfectibility and reason allow men to evolve, and modern day culture was brought about by perfectibility. Men improve upon themselves by having a capacity for change which allows them to be molded to fit their environment. Perfectibility becomes possible when people move away from the state of nature and from despotism.


Plurality


     Plurality is a condition that preserves unity without being detrimental to either 
liberty or uniqueness, Hannah Arendt wants the polis to be an artifact of uniqueness, She says that the rise of the social is bad. Aristotle agrees, and also says that the household must be distinct from the whole of society.


Sovereignty


     Sovereignty is political authority within a territory. Hobbes believes that 
sovereignty is unconditional, absolute, and irrevocable. He believes that the sovereign must be separate from the people in order to prevent civil war. Rousseau believes that the sovereign and the people should be one and the same, in order for there to be common happiness.



State of Nature

     The state of nature is a state of anarchy that existed before the rule of law, and before the state had a monopoly on force. The natural condition of mankind, according to Hobbes, is a state of war in which life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" because individuals are in a "war of all against all". Rousseau believes that natural man is gentle, timid, piteous, non-confrontational, and amoral.



Telos


     Teleology is the study of ends. It is the belief that the essence of something is 
found in the thing into which it grows. The telos is the purpose, goal, or end. Aristotle said that the telos of man is to be happy and to live well and live justly. He also says that living happily requires living a life of virtue.
     [Note: To read "The Squirrel and the Acorn", a short essay that I wrote in May 2009 about teleology and political science, please visit the following link:
     http://www.aquarianagrarian.blogspot.com/2014/01/the-squirrel-and-acorn.html]


Three Causes of Quarrel

     According to Hobbes, the three causes of quarrel are competition, diffidence, and glory. Men quarrel for gain, safety, and reputation. He says that in anarchy, these three quarrels lead to a state of war. Rousseau says that competition does not occur in a state of plenty. Aristotle says that diffidence occurs when people act out of fear of aggression and seek retribution. Hobbes believes that glory is exclusive pride for oneself, one's family, or one's homeland.




Author's Note:

     
To read another glossary - or "encyclopedia" - of political theory terms, which I devised by myself, please visit the following link, and read my August 2018 article titled "Encyclopedia of Economic Systems and Key Terms in Political Theory":

     http://www.aquarianagrarian.blogspot.com/2018/08/encyclopedia-of-economic-systems-and.html





Notes taken in May 2009

First published to this blog on August 3rd, 2021

Introduction and notes in brackets written on August 3rd, 2021

Links to Documentaries About Covid-19, Vaccine Hesitancy, A.Z.T., and Terrain Theory vs. Germ Theory

      Below is a list of links to documentaries regarding various topics related to Covid-19.      Topics addressed in these documentaries i...