Showing posts with label women. Show all posts
Showing posts with label women. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 4, 2016

287 Politicians and Media Figures Who Want to Reinstate the Draft or Require Women to Register

Nineteen prominent figures in politics and media who support
reinstating the draft or changing draft requirements:


Authored Bills to Reinstate the Draft, and Voted No on H.R. 5485
(a failed bill which could have required women to register for the Selective Service)
Rep. Charlie Rangel (D-NY)
Favor Both Reinstating the Draft and Requiring Women to Register
Sen. John McCain (R-AZ)
Young Turks Reporter Cenk Uygur
Young Turks Reporter Ana Kasparian
Young Turks Reporter John Iadarola


Favor Mandatory Civil Emergency Preparedness Service
President Barack Obama (D-IL)
Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel (D-IL)
Economist Robert Reich
Writer David Brooks
Reporter Carl Bernstein
Democratic policy adviser Bruce Reed
Reporter Chuck Todd
Reporter Jon Stewart
Reporter Thom Hartmann
Favor Requiring Women to Register for the Draft
Fmr. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (D-NY)
Fmr. Gov. Jeb Bush (R-FL)
Gov. Chris Christie (R-NJ)
Army Chief of Staff Mark A. Milley
Marine Corps Commandant, General Robert B. Neller









185 Congressmen Who Voted Nay on a Failed Bill
That Could Have Required Women to Register for the Draft



     114th House of Representatives Members Who Voted Nay on H.R. 5485
     Section 1214 of H.R. 5485 “Prohibits funds provided by this bill from being used to change Selective Service System registration requirements in contravention of the Military Selective Service Act.”
     A “Nay” vote indicates that the voting member is open to funds provided by H.R. 5485 being used to change registration requirements so as to require women to register for the Selective Service. A "Yea" vote indicates that the member supports the bill, and supports its prohibition on funds being used to require women to register for the draft.
     The bill was not passed and did not become law.
     Without taking into consideration the other provisions of the bill, the fact that Section 1214 did not become codified into law is a good thing, because it could have potentially appropriated funds towards the revision of draft requirements, likely including a requirement for women to register.


     Author's Note:
     The author of the Aquarian Agrarian blog, Joseph W. Kopsick, wishes to apologize for the incorrect list of U.S. Representatives who voted for this bill. I do not know how that happened. There were 37 roll call votes on different sections of the bill, and Section 1214 was never voted on directly, so I must have substituted the list from one of the other votes. I have found the "Yea" and "Nay" voting on Roll Call 398 on the bill, which was the final vote taken on H.R. 5485, and replaced the original list with the 185 "Nay"s from Roll Call 398.
     Readers can verify for themselves, at the following link, that the list of congressmen below constituted the final "Nay" vote on H.R. 5485. Read the final votes on the bill at http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2016/roll398.xml.
     I would also like to note that both the previous list, and this list correcting it, contained Tulsi Gabbard, congresswoman from Hawaii, and 2020 Democratic presidential candidate.

Adams
Aguilar
Amash
Bass
Beatty
Becerra
Bera
Beyer
Bishop (GA)
Blumenauer
Bonamici
Boyle, Brendan F.
Brady (PA)
Brooks (AL)
Brownley (CA)
Buck
Bustos
Butterfield
Capps
Capuano
Cárdenas
Carney
Carson (IN)
Cartwright
Castor (FL)
Castro (TX)
Chu, Judy
Cicilline
Clark (MA)
Clarke (NY)
Clay
Cleaver
Clyburn
Cohen
Connolly
Conyers
Cooper
Costa
Courtney
Crowley
Cummings
Davis (CA)
Davis, Danny
DeFazio
DeGette
DeLauro
DelBene
Fudge
Gabbard
Gallego
Garamendi
Graham
Grayson
Green, Al
Green, Gene
Grijalva
Gutiérrez
Hahn
Heck (WA)
Higgins
Himes
Hinojosa
Honda
Hoyer
Huffman
Israel
Jackson Lee
Jeffries
Johnson (GA)
Johnson, E. B.
Jones
Kaptur
Keating
Kelly (IL)
Kennedy
Kildee
Kilmer
Kind
King (IA)
Kirkpatrick
Kuster
Langevin
Larsen (WA)
Larson (CT)
Lawrence
Lee
Levin
Lewis
Lieu, Ted
Lipinski
Loebsack
Lofgren
Lowenthal
Lowey
Lujan Grisham (NM)
Luján, Ben Ray (NM)
Lynch
Maloney, Carolyn
Maloney, Sean
Massie
Matsui
McCollum
McDermott
McGovern
McNerney
Meeks
Meng
Moore
Moulton

Murphy (FL)
Napolitano
Neal
Nolan
Norcross
O'Rourke
Pallone
Pascrell
Payne
Pelosi
Perlmutter
Peters
Pingree
Pocan
Polis
Price (NC)
Quigley
Rangel
Rice (NY)
Richmond
Roybal-Allard
Ruiz
Ruppersberger
Rush
Ryan (OH)
Sánchez, Linda T.
Sanchez, Loretta
Sarbanes
Schakowsky
Schiff
Schrader
Scott (VA)
Scott, David
Serrano
Sewell (AL)
Sherman
Sinema
Sires
Slaughter
Smith (WA)
Speier
Swalwell (CA)
Takano
Thompson (CA)
Thompson (MS)
Titus
Tonko
Torres
Tsongas
Van Hollen
Vargas
Veasey
Velázquez
Visclosky
Walz
Wasserman Schultz
Waters, Maxine
Watson Coleman
Welch
Wilson (FL)
Yarmuth



The list of 203 political and media figures who have supported the draft ends here.
(I say 203, and not 204, because I want to avoid counting Charlie Rangel twice.)




     Below are 83 senators who voted for a bill that previously provided for requiring women to register for the draft, but which was amended before the final draft, so as to no longer include that provision. Many of them – probably, most of them Democrats – might well be considered “more likely than not” to support future efforts to require women to register for the draft in the Senate.

     114th U.S. Senate Members Who Voted Yes on S. 2943 (the 2017 N.D.A.A. / National Defense Authorization Act)

     This bill would have required women to register for the Selective Service, but on November 29th, 2018, that provision was reportedly removed from the bill by conservative legislators. Read about that here: http://www.militarytimes.com/news/pentagon-congress/2016/11/29/congress-drops-plans-to-make-women-register-for-the-draft/
     This bill was passed, and became law on December 23rd, 2016.

      Author's Note:
     I have not looked for the section of S. 2943 which would have required women to register for the draft, but I have found Section 555, "Principles and Procedure for Commission Recommendations" of Senate Bill 2943.
     In that bill, which became public law, provides that "the principles required under this subsection shall address the following:"... This can be found in the bill under Section 555, sub-section C, clause 2, article A.
     That article continues, "Whether, in light of the current and predicted global security environment and the changing nature of warfare, there continues to be a continuous or potential need for a military selective service process designed to produce large numbers of combat members of the Armed Forces, and if so, whether such a system should include mandatory registration by all citizens and residents, regardless of sex."
     So even though Senate Bill 2943 did not end up requiring women to register for the draft, it did provide for the establishment of a principle to consider whether we should have mandatory Selective Service registration without regards to sex.
     Therefore, it would not be inappropriate to conclude, from the list of "Yea" votes below, that the senators who voted in favor of this bill more than likely support requiring women to register for the draft in addition to men.



Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL)
Sen. Richard Shelby (R-AL)
Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-AK)
Sen. Dan Sullivan (R-AK)
Sen. Jeff Flake (R-AZ)
Sen. John Boozman (R-AR)
Sen. Tom Cotton (R-AR)
Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA)
Sen. Michael Bennet (D-CO)
Sen. Cory Gardner (R-CO)
Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)
Sen. Chris Murphy (D-CT)
Sen. Thomas Carper (D-DE)
Sen. Chris Coons (D-DE)
Sen. Bill Nelson (D-FL)
Sen. John Isakson (R-GA)
Sen. David Perdue (R-GA)
Sen. Mazie Hirono (D-HI)
Sen. Brian Schatz (D-HI)
Sen. Dick Durbin (D-IL)
Sen. Mark Kirk (R-IL)
Sen. Daniel Coats (R-IN)
Sen. Joe Donnelly (D-IN)
Sen. Joni Ernst (R-IA)
Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-IA)
Sen. Jerry Moran (R-KS)
Sen. Pat Roberts (R-KS)
Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY)
Sen. Bill Cassidy (R-LA)
Sen. David Vitter (R-LA)
Sen. Susan Collins (R-ME)
Sen. Angus King (I-ME)
Sen. Ben Cardin (D-MD)
Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-MD)
Sen. Gary Peters (D-MI)
Sen. Debbie Stabenow (D-MI)
Sen. Al Franken (D-MN)
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN)
Sen. Thad Cochran (R-MS)
Sen. Roger Wicker (R-MS)
Sen. Roy Blunt (R-MO)
Sen. Claire McCaskill (D-MO)
Sen. Steve Daines (R-MT)
Sen. Jon Tester (D-MT)
Sen. Deb Fischer (R-ME)
Sen. Dean Heller (R-NV)
Sen. Kelly Ayotte (R-NH)
Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH)
Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ)
Sen. Bob Menendez (D-NJ)
Sen. Martin Heinrich (D-NM)
Sen. Tom Udall (D-NM)
Sen. Chuck Schumer (D-NY)
Sen. Richard Burr (R-NC)
Sen. Thom Tillis (R-NC)
Sen. Heidi Heitkamp (D-ND)
Sen. John Hoeven (R-ND)
Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-OH)
Sen. Rob Portman (R-OH)
Sen. Jim Inhofe (R-OK)
Sen. James Lankford (R-OK)
Sen. Bob Casey (D-PA)
Sen. Pat Toomey (R-PA)
Sen. John Reed (D-RI)
Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI)
Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC)
Sen. Tim Scott (R-SC)
Sen. Mike Rounds (R-SD)
Sen. John Thune (R-SD)
Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-TN)
Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN)
Sen. John Cornyn (R-TX)
Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-UT)
Sen. Tim Kaine (D-VA)
Sen. Mark Warner (D-VA)
Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-WA)
Sen. Patty Murray (D-WA)
Sen. Shelley Capito (R-WV)
Sen. Joe Manchin (D-WV)
Sen. Tammy Baldwin (D-WI)
Sen. Ron Johnson (R-WI)
Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY)
Sen. Michael Enzi (R-WY)




That makes 287 total figures in politics and media whom I have observed
supporting the draft in some way, over the last five years.








To watch my YouTube video about the military draft, click on the following link:







Compiled on October 4th, 2016

Edited on October 5th and November 1st, 2016
Links and Explanations Added on December 29th, 2018

 Author's Notes Added on February 15th, 2019

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Friday, January 3, 2014

The Role of the A.S.W.P.L. and Christian Organizations in Encouraging Anti-Lynching Education Programs and Legislation


Although a key figure in the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching was opposed to anti-lynching legislation as a supplement to education as a means to end lynching, efforts to pass such legislation, as well as efforts to spread anti-lynching education and literature, and to encourage growth of, membership in, and contribution to such education programs, were promoted by each the ASWPL, Christian churches, and Christian organizations.
At the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching’s annual conference of the Council on Program for 1938 in Atlanta, the association declared that “[l]ynching is an indefensible crime, destructive of all principles of government, hateful and hostile to every ideal of religion and humanity, debasing and degrading to every person involved.”1
In a report of the association’s 1937 activities, the authors acknowledged the widespread nature of lynching, and felt a responsibility for its presence. They believed that lynching was widespread because “public opinion has accepted too easily the claim of lynchers and mobsters that they were acting solely in the defense of womanhood.” They aimed to “create a new public opinion in the South which will not condone for any reason whatever acts of mobs or lynchers,” and sought to do so through anti-lynching education programs and the spreading of literature.1
At the 1938 meeting, “members at large, representatives of national and sectional organizations and chairmen of State Councils” presented or submitted reports “on their activities in advancing the program of education through personal work, through organization set-ups and through State Council activities.” Jessie Daniel Ames reported on the spread of the anti-lynching educational program in the U.S.1
The association wanted the chairman of each state council to secure speakers to present the education program in colleges, and to write letters of commendation to sheriffs in counties where lynchings had been prevented. State councils were also encouraged to increase their member organizations and to make studies of present state anti-lynching legislation to support the federal anti-lynching law.1
The association advocated a wider use of the press. Jessie Daniel Ames was asked to continue monthly mimeographed letters on the group’s work, and to contact publications affiliated with anti-lynching education. Members of the association wanted a study book to be prepared on anti-lynching education, which was to be made available for twenty-five cents, and free to university sociology departments. They also wanted to continue distributing anti-lynching literature and posters to libraries, especially in high schools, colleges, and city and county libraries.1
Mrs. Attwood Martin of Kentucky sent literature to four foreign countries, corresponded with editors, providing them printed material, wrote newspaper articles, and gave literature to clergy and libraries. She said that “prejudice… gives way before a knowledge of presented facts. Our work lies ahead in the presenting of these facts to an ever-widening public.”1
Women of the Florida Council gave advice to women to help prevent lynching. They advised them to call on local citizens, to call the governor, the sheriff, and officers, and to keep in touch with the press. This advice is given alongside documentation of telegrams sent from a Mrs. Cornell to such authorities and press, which resulted in Governor Cone to correspond to Mrs. Cornell, promising that a Negro on trial would not be lynched.1
The association collected signatures to pledge to educate against lynching, and expressed a desire to intensify efforts to secure signatures from sheriffs, county officers, members of the state legislature, and of churches, “civic clubs, school classes, young people and college groups,” and “unorganized rural and industrial sections.” In the report of the committee on methods, the ASWPL stated a desire that “groups affiliated with State Councils and interested individuals be asked to make financial contributions to the educational program for the prevention of lynching.”1
Although Jessie Daniel Ames favored education over legislation as a means to end lynching, the ASWPL, in solidarity with Christian churches, encouraged anti-lynching legislation. The National Young Woman’s Christian Association directed their attention to advancing the Gavagan-Wagner-Van Nuys Anti-Lynching Bill in the United States Congress, and members of the ASWPL also worked to secure the passage of the bill, though it was ultimately unsuccessful.2
The ASWPL and Christian churches joined forces to promote anti-lynching education. The ASWPL’s literature was distributed to the Presbyterian Church, sent to each Synodical president and secretary of Christian Social Service, and to the president and chairman of Christian Social Service of the Young People’s Leagues of the Synod, and the Synodicals considered adopting an education program. The Committee on Women’s Work of the Presbyterian Church “endorsed a program of education against lynching and urged the active interest of the woman as individual Christian citizens.” Mrs. W. A. Newell, the chairman of the Bureau of Christian Social Relations of the Southern Methodists, reported that “[t]he aim and policies of the [ASWPL] were adopted by the Women’s Missionary Council… as an important part of its work in education for and practice of Christian Citizenship.”2

The Women’s Christian Missionary Society and the Methodist Missionary Council also participated in educational efforts, by securing signatures, holding community meetings to talk about the factors that promote mobs, promoting “anti-lynching leaflets, pamphlets and playlets,” and “securing the signatures of sheriffs and other county officers” to a “Declaration of Purpose,” and reporting within at least one church on what has been done to educate against lynching. Mrs. L. O. Turner, the Georgia Secretary General of the Women’s Christian Missionary Society, told of “Negro speakers in District Conventions,” and said that “both State and International Conventions have endorsed a program against lynching.” She said that “the cultivation of a new interest in the Negro home and family, the Negro school and church life” would reduce mob violence.2



Bibliography

1. Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching, 1930-1942. "With Quietness They Work: Report of the Activities of Southern Women in Education Against Lynching During 1937". In With Quietness They Work: Report of the Activities of Southern Women in Education Against Lynching During 1937 (Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching, Atlanta, GA, 1938)
2. Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching, 1930-1942. "The National Young Woman's Christian Association Concentrate On Federal Bill". In With Quietness They Work: Report of the Activities of Southern Women in Education Against Lynching During 1937 (Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching, Atlanta, GA, 1938)



Originally written in February 2008 as a college essay





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